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Apology, Crito and Phaedo of Socrates

Plato

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1. Page 1. Plato's Apology, Crito And Phædo Of Socrates.
2. Page 3. Contents.
3. Page 7. Introduction. Of all writers of speculative philosophy, both ancient and modern, ther
4. Page 8. After the death of Socrates it is supposed that Plato took refuge with Euclides in Me
5. Page 9. "The Apologia" represents Socrates on trial for his life, undertaking his own defence
6. Page 10. In "The Crito" Socrates is represented in conversation with a friend of his named Cri
7. Page 10. "The Phædo" relates the manner in which Socrates spent the last day of his life and t
8. Page 13. The Apology Of Socrates.
9. Page 13. I know not, O Athenians! how far you have been influenced by my accusers for my part,
10. Page 13. ke in the language and the manner in which I had been educated, so now I ask this of
11. Page 14. 2. First, then, O Athenians! I am right in defending myself against the first false a
12. Page 14. id, that my accusers are twofold, some who have lately accused me, and others long si
13. Page 15. 3. Let us, then, repeat from the beginning what the accusation is from which the calu
14. Page 16. 4. However not one of these things is true; nor, if you have heard from any one that
15. Page 17. 5. Perhaps, one of you may now object: "But, Socrates, what have you done, then? When
16. Page 18. 6. Consider, then, why I mention these things: it is because I am going to show you w
17. Page 19. 7. After this I went to others in turn, perceiving indeed, and grieving and alarmed,
18. Page 20. 8. At last, therefore, I went to the artisans. For I was conscious to myself that I k
19. Page 21. 9. From this investigation, then, O Athenians! many enmities have arisen against me,
20. Page 21. 10. In addition to this, young men, who have much leisure and belong to the wealthies
21. Page 21. to odium. This, however, is a proof that I speak the truth, and that this is the natu
22. Page 23. Socr. I do not ask this, most excellent sir, but what man, who surely must first know
23. Page 25. 13. Tell us further, Melitus, in the name of Jupiter, whether is it better to dwell w
24. Page 26. 14. Thus, then, O Athenians! this now is clear that I have said; that Melitus never p
25. Page 27. Mel. No, by Jupiter, none whatever. Socr. You say what is incredible, Melitus, and th
26. Page 28. Mel. There is not. Socr. How obliging you are in having hardly answered; though compe
27. Page 29. 16. That I am not guilty, then, O Athenians! according to the indictment of Melitus,
28. Page 29. Perhaps, however, some one may say, "Are you not ashamed, Socrates, to have pursued a
29. Page 30. 17. I then should be acting strangely, O Athenians! if, when the generals whom you ch
30. Page 30. g you that if I escaped, your sons, studying what Socrates teaches, would all be utte
31. Page 30. rsuading you, both young and old, to take no care either for the body, or for riches,
32. Page 32. 18. Murmur not, O Athenians! but continue to attend to my request, not to murmur at w
33. Page 32. n me to death; and then you will pass the rest of your life in sleep, unless the deit
34. Page 34. 19. Perhaps, however, it may appear absurd that I, going about, thus advise you in pr
35. Page 34. 20. I will give you strong proofs of this, not words, but what you value, facts. Hear
36. Page 35. 21. Do you think, then, that I should have survived so many years if I had engaged in
37. Page 36. 22. But why do some delight to spend so long a time with me? Ye have heard, O Athenia
38. Page 36. him now adduce them; I give him leave to do so, and let him say it, if he has anythin
39. Page 37. 23. Well, then, Athenians, these are pretty much the things I have to say in my defen
40. Page 37. a manner as I have often seen some when they have been brought to trial, it would be
41. Page 39. 24. But, reputation apart, O Athenians! it does not appear to me to be right to entre
42. Page 40. [Socrates here concludes his defense, and, the votes being taken, he is declared guil
43. Page 40. 26. The man, then, awards me the penalty of death. Well. But what shall I, on my part
44. Page 41. 27. Perhaps, however, in speaking to you thus, I appear to you to speak in the same p
45. Page 41. driven from city to city, and so to live. For I well know that, wherever I may go, th
46. Page 43. [The judges now proceeded to pass the sentence, and condemned Socrates to death; wher
47. Page 43. difficult, O Athenians! to escape death; but it is much more difficult to avoid depra
48. Page 45. 31. But with you who have voted for my acquittal I would gladly hold converse on what
49. Page 46. 32. Moreover, we may hence conclude that there is great hope that death is a blessing
50. Page 46. ny other of the ancients who has died by an unjust sentence. The comparing my sufferi
51. Page 48. But it is now time to depart—for me to die, for you to live. But which of us is going
52. Page 48. Footnotes
53. Page 49. Introduction To The Crito. It has been remarked by Stallbaum that Plato had a twofold
54. Page 51. Crito; Or, The Duty Of A Citizen. SOCRATES, CRITO. Socr. Why have you come at this ho
55. Page 52. 2. Socr. But with good fortune, Crito, and if so it please the gods, so be it. I do n
56. Page 53. Socr. Would, O Crito that the multitude could effect the greatest evils, that they mi
57. Page 54. 5. Moreover, Socrates, you do not appear to me to pursue a just course in giving your
58. Page 54. ade. And there is but one plan; for in the following night the whole must be accompli
59. Page 56. 6. Socr. My dear Crito, your zeal would be very commendable were it united with right
60. Page 56. e well said? For you, in all human probability, are out of all danger of dying to-mor
61. Page 58. Cri. Clearly on his body, for this it ruins. Socr. You say well. The case is the same
62. Page 59. Cri. This, too, is clear, Socrates, any one might say so. Socr. You say truly. But, m
63. Page 60. Cri. You appear to me to speak wisely, Socrates, but see what we are to do. Socr. Let
64. Page 61. Cri. By no means. Socr. For to do evil to men differs in no respect from committing i
65. Page 62. Cri. I am unable to answer your question, Socrates; for I do not understand it. Socr.
66. Page 62. Cri. This, by Jupiter! Socrates. 12. Socr. What, then, if the laws should say, "Socra
67. Page 62. ou who, in reality, make virtue your chief object? Or are you so wise as not to know
68. Page 64. Cri. It seems so to me. 13. Socr. "Consider, then, Socrates," the laws perhaps might
69. Page 65. 14. "And we say that you, O Socrates! will be subject to these charges if you accompl
70. Page 66. Cri. We must needs do so, Socrates. Socr. "What else, then," they will say, "are you
71. Page 66. 15. "For consider, by violating these compacts and offending against any of them, wha
72. Page 66. life as to violate the most sacred laws? Perhaps not, should you not offend any one.
73. Page 68. 16. "Then, O Socrates! be persuaded by us who have nurtured you, and do not set a hig
74. Page 69. Footnotes
75. Page 70. Introduction To The Phædo. This dialogue presents us with an account of the manner In
76. Page 71. He begins12 by stating that philosophy itself is nothing else than a preparation for
77. Page 72. His first argument14 is drawn from the ancient belief prevalent among men, that souls
78. Page 73. But in case Simmias should not yet be satisfied, Socrates16 proceeds to enlarge on th
79. Page 73. However, to remove the apprehension that the soul may be dispersed by a wind, as it w
80. Page 74. These objections produce a powerful effect on the rest of the company; but Socrates,
81. Page 75. This, then, being conceded by Cebes, Socrates22 argues that every thing that is beaut
82. Page 76. He then24 draws a fanciful picture of the various regions of the earth, to which the
83. Page 77. After he had bathed, and taken leave of his children and the women of his family the
84. Page 77. Footnotes
85. Page 78. Phædo; Or, The Immortality Of The Soul. Ech. Were you personally present, Phædo, with
86. Page 79. 4. Ech. And what, Phædo, were the circumstances of his death? What was said and done?
87. Page 80. 6. Phæd. He, then, was entirely overcome by these emotions; and I, too, was troubled,
88. Page 81. 9. When we entered, we found Socrates just freed from his bonds, and Xantippe, you kn
89. Page 83. "Tell him the truth, then, Cebes," he replied, "that I did not make them from a wish
90. Page 83. 13. "Tell this, then, to Evenus, Cebes, and bid him farewell, and if he is wise, to f
91. Page 84. 15. "Then, you should consider it attentively," said Socrates, "for perhaps you may h
92. Page 85. "Perhaps, then, in this point of view, it is not unreasonable to assert that a man ou
93. Page 86. "You speak justly," said Socrates, "for I think you mean that I ought to make my defe
94. Page 87. To which Socrates replied, "Let him alone, and let him attend to his own business, an
95. Page 88. "Certainly," replied Simmias. 23. "Is it any thing else than the separation of the so
96. Page 90. "You speak very truly." "But what with respect to the acquisition of wisdom? Is the b
97. Page 91. "By no means," he replied. "Did you ever lay hold of them by any other bodily sense?
98. Page 91. 29. "You speak with wonderful truth, Socrates," replied Simmias. "Wherefore," he said
99. Page 91. —when we are dead, as reason shows, but not while we are alive. 31. For if it is not
100. Page 93. "Assuredly," he answered. "But, as we affirmed, those who pursue philosophy rightly a